//DISPLAY 11.3 Money ClassVersion 1
//Program to demonstrate the class Money.
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cctype>
using namespace std;


//Class for amounts of money in U.S. currency.
class Money
{
public:

    friend Money operator *(const Money& amount1, int factor);


    friend Money operator +(const Money& amount1, const Money& amount2);
    //Precondition: amount1 and amount2 have been given values.
    //Returns the sum of the values of amount1 and amount2.
    

    friend bool operator ==(const Money& amount1, const Money& amount2);
    //Precondition: amount1 and amount2 have been given values.
    //Returns true if amount1 and amount2 have the same value; 
    //otherwise, returns false.

    Money(long dollars, int cents);
    //Initializes the object so its value represents an amount with the
    //dollars and cents given by the arguments. If the amount is negative,
    //then both dollars and cents must be negative.

    Money(long dollars);
    //Initializes the object so its value represents $dollars.00.

    Money( );
    //Initializes the object so its value represents $0.00.

    double get_value( ) const;
    //Precondition: The calling object has been given a value.
    //Returns the amount of money recorded in the data of the calling object.

    void input(istream& ins);
    //Precondition: If ins is a file input stream, then ins has already been
    //connected to a file. An amount of money, including a dollar sign, has been
    //entered in the input stream ins. Notation for negative amounts is -$100.00.
    //Postcondition: The value of the calling object has been set to
    //the amount of money read from the input stream ins.
    void output(ostream& outs);
    //Precondition: If outs is a file output stream, then outs has already been 
    //connected to a file.
    //Postcondition: A dollar sign and the amount of money recorded
    //in the calling object have been sent to the output stream outs.
private:
    long all_cents;
};

bool operator> (const Money& amount1, const Money& amount2);


int digit_to_int(char c);
//Function declaration for function used in the definition of Money::input:
//Precondition: c is one of the digits '0' through '9'.
//Returns the integer for the digit; for example, digit_to_int('3') returns 3.

int main( )
{
    Money your_amount, my_amount(10, 9), our_amount;
    cout << "Enter an amount of money: ";
    your_amount.input(cin);
    cout << "Your amount is ";
    your_amount.output(cout);
    cout << endl;
    cout << "My amount is ";
    my_amount.output(cout);
    cout << endl;

    //Now I double my_amount
    my_amount = my_amount*2;
    cout << "Now My amount is ";
    my_amount.output(cout);
    cout << endl;


    if (your_amount > my_amount)
        cout << "You are richer .\n";
    else
        cout << "....  .\n";

    our_amount = your_amount + my_amount;
    your_amount.output(cout);
    cout << " + ";
    my_amount.output(cout);
    cout << " equals ";
    our_amount.output(cout);
    cout << endl;

    //Suppose now I received a gift of $10
    cout <<" Suppose now I received a gift of $10...\n";
    my_amount = my_amount+10; 
    cout <<"After that: I own ";
    my_amount.output(cout);


    //Two different initialization 
    Money balance=Money(100);
    Money balance2 (100);
    Money b3=200;

    cout <<endl;
    balance.output (cout);
    balance2.output (cout);
    b3.output(cout);
    return 0;
}


Money::Money(long dollars, int cents)
{
    if(dollars*cents < 0) //If one is negative and one is positive
    {
        cout << "Illegal values for dollars and cents.\n";
        exit(1);
    }
    all_cents = dollars*100 + cents;
}

Money::Money(long dollars) : all_cents(dollars*100)
{
     cout <<"I am called! dollars=" << dollars<<endl;
    //Body intentionally blank.
}

Money::Money( ) : all_cents(0)
{
    //Body intentionally blank.
}

double Money::get_value( ) const
{
    return (all_cents * 0.01);
}
//Uses iostream, cctype, cstdlib:
void Money::input(istream& ins)
{
    char one_char, decimal_point,
         digit1, digit2; //digits for the amount of cents
    long dollars;
    int cents;
    bool negative;//set to true if input is negative.
 
    ins >> one_char;
    if (one_char == '-')
    {
        negative = true;
        ins >> one_char; //read '$'
    }
    else
        negative = false;
    //if input is legal, then one_char == '$'

    ins >> dollars >> decimal_point >> digit1 >> digit2;

    if ( one_char != '$' || decimal_point != '.'
         || !isdigit(digit1) || !isdigit(digit2) )
    {
        cout << "Error illegal form for money input\n";
        exit(1);
    }
    cents = digit_to_int(digit1)*10 + digit_to_int(digit2);

    all_cents = dollars*100 + cents;
    if (negative)
        all_cents = -all_cents;
}

//Uses cstdlib and iostream:
void Money::output(ostream& outs)
{
    long positive_cents, dollars, cents;
    positive_cents = labs(all_cents);
    dollars = positive_cents/100;
    cents = positive_cents%100;

    if (all_cents < 0)
        outs << "-$" << dollars << '.';
    else
        outs << "$" << dollars << '.';

    if (cents < 10)
        outs << '0';
    outs << cents;
}

int digit_to_int(char c)
{
    return (static_cast<int>(c) - static_cast<int>('0') );
    // old C-style: return ((int)c -(int)('0') );

}

//Any extra function declarations from Display 11.3 go here. 

Money operator +(const Money& amount1, const Money& amount2)
{
    Money temp;
    temp.all_cents = amount1.all_cents + amount2.all_cents;
    return temp;
}

Money operator* (const Money & amount, int factor)
{
    Money temp;
    temp.all_cents = amount.all_cents *  factor;
    return temp;

}

bool operator ==(const Money& amount1, const Money& amount2)
{
    return (amount1.all_cents == amount2.all_cents);
}

//non-friend function
bool operator> (const Money& amount1, const Money& amount2)
{
    if (amount1.get_value()>amount2.get_value())
	    return true;
    else
	    return false;
}