#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

namespace XZhangNameSpace{
class BoxedString:public string{
		friend ostream& operator<<(ostream & output, BoxedString str);
	public:

		BoxedString (char b='*'):border(b)
		{
			//intentinally empty
		}

		//Calling base class's contructor to initialize data members
		//inherited from parent class 
		BoxedString (string str, char b='*'):string(str),border(b)
		{
			//intentinally empty
		}
		
		int length();
	private:
		char border;
};

int BoxedString::length()
{
	return string::length()+4;
}

ostream& operator<<(ostream & output, BoxedString str){
	int len = str.length();

	for (int i=0;i<len;i++)
		output <<str.border;
	output<<endl;

	output <<str.border<<" ";
	//How do I display the string itself???
	output<<(string)str; //legal, because str is BoxedString, and also string
	//or, output<<static_cast<string> str;    //C++ way... 
	output <<" "<<str.border<<endl;
	
	for (int i=0;i<len;i++)
		output <<str.border;
	output<<endl;

	return output;

}
}


int main()
{
{
 	using namespace XZhangNameSpace;
	BoxedString str;

	cout <<"str's type is:" << typeid(str).name()<<endl;
	cout <<"str's type is:" << typeid((string)str).name()<<endl;

	cout <<"Enter a word:";
	cin >> str;
	cout <<str;
	cout <<"str's length" << str.length() <<endl;
	cout <<"str.string::length" << str.string::length() <<endl;

	BoxedString str1('-');
	cout <<"Enter another word:";
	cin >> str1;
	cout <<str1<<endl;

	string str2 = str+str1;

	BoxedString str3 (str2,'^');
	cout <<"combined: "<<endl<<str3;

 }
}