#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <map>   
using namespace std;


int main()
{
	const map<string, int> m {
		{"NewYork", 8478072},
		{"Yonkers", 211569},
		{"Hastings", 9289},
		{"DobbsFerry", 11541},
		{"Irvington", 6653},
		{"Tarrytown", 11860}
	};

	cout << "The map contains " << m.size() << " pairs:\n\n";

	for (const auto& pair: m) {
		cout << setw(9) << left << pair.first << " = " << pair.second
			<< "\n";
	}

	for (;;) {
		cout << "\n";
		cout << "Please type a town to see population, or control-d to quit: ";
		string ik;
		cin >> ik;

		if (!cin) {
			break; //The user typed control-d
		}

		const auto it {m.find(ik)};   //it is an "iterator".
		if (it == end(m)) {
			cerr << "Could not find " << ik << "\n";
		} else {
			cout << ik << " the population is  " << it->second << "\n";
		}
	}

	return EXIT_SUCCESS;   //Arrive here when the user types control-d
}